However, in most cases you start with ggplot(), supply a dataset and aesthetic mapping (with aes()). You then add on layers (like geom_point() or geom_histogram()), scales (like …

required ggplot(data = mpg, aes(x = cty, y = hwy)) Begins a plot that you finish by adding layers to. Add one geom function per layer. last_plot() Returns the last plot. ggsave("plot.png", width …

A system for 'declaratively' creating graphics, based on "The Grammar of Graphics". You provide the data, tell 'ggplot2' how to map variables to aesthetics, what graphical primitives to use, and …

Nov 24, 2025 · A curated ggplot2 hub for R. Learn geoms, axes/scales, labels/annotations, themes, faceting, colors, and saving plots—each with working code and examples.

However, in most cases you start with ggplot(), supply a dataset and aesthetic mapping (with aes()). You then add on layers (like geom_point() or geom_histogram()), scales (like …

Geoms Use a geom function to represent data points, use the geom’s aesthetic properties to represent variables. Each function returns a layer. Graphical Primitives a <- ggplot(economics, …

Jul 23, 2025 · The `aes ()` function in ggplot stands for aesthetic mappings. It is used to map variables in your data to visual properties of the plot like position, color, size, shape, etc.

As the first step in many plots, you would pass the data to the ggplot() function, which stores the data to be used later by other parts of the plotting system.

Check the full list of charts made with ggplot2 and learn how to customize the plots customizing the axes, the background color, the themes and others

The main difference is that, unlike base graphics, ggplot works with dataframes and not individual vectors. All the data needed to make the plot is typically be contained within the dataframe …