Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) induces two distinct signaling pathways controlled by the TIRAP-MyD88 and TRAM-TRIF pairs of adaptor proteins, which elicit the production of proinflammatory cytokines ...

Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signals via two distinct pathways — one engages the adaptor protein MYD88 and the other is driven by TRIF. The MYD88 pathway is associated with the induction of pro ...

Iron regulates the TLR4 inflammatory signaling pathway Peer-Reviewed Publication. JCI Journals. Iron is a ... (the TLR4/TRAM/TRIF pathway).

Most Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are believed to act as homodimers, although heterodimers do exist. The Toll interleukin-1 receptor (TIR) domain adaptors, MyD88, MAL/TIRAP, TRAM, and TRIF, also ...

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These were abundant, especially around the periphery of the tumors. The sleep-disrupted mice also had high levels of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). Three key molecules are part of the signaling pathway ...

Background: TLR4, expressed by the cells of the immune system play a role in the protection of the host against pathogens. TLRs are also expressed on human cancer cells, but their role in tumor growth ...

Innate immune adaptor TRIF deficiency accelerates disease progression of ALS mice with accumulation of aberrantly activated astrocytes. Cell Death & Differentiation , 2018; DOI: 10.1038/s41418-018 ...