Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), encompassing ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD), is a chronic inflammatory condition of the gastrointestinal tract with a rising global burden.

Introduction In the year 1906, Clemens von Pirquet, an Austrian pediatrician, for the first time observed that antibodies that protect us against various ailments may also be responsible for disease. ...

Allergic Disorders: Extent & Burden AR, asthma and atopic dermatitis are among the most common immune-mediated ailments. According to recent data, worldwide prevalence of allergy ranges from 30 to 40% ...

Despite the limited success of TLR ligands for the treatment of bacterial infections, these are routinely used to treat viral infections and certain types of skin cancers. [80] Endosomal TLRs (TLR ...

However, NOD2 gene mutations, commonly linked to CD, do not appear to significantly impact mycobiota composition (Nelson et al, 2021). Here, critical knowledge gaps remain, including the precise ...

NOD2 signalling can both positively and negatively regulate Toll-like receptor (TLR) responses. Previous studies have shown that lack of NOD2 signalling (in NOD2 knockout mice) leads to increased ...

Utilising postprandial human serum samples, we tested this assay and showed that the concentration of NOD2-activating ligands differed in the postprandial phase.Together, we provide a protocol to ...

Furthermore, we studied the effect of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) pre-treatment on the NOD1-and NOD2-induced cytokine release. Our comparative analysis shows subpopulation-characteristic pattern of ...

Abstract Objective To explore the feasibility of injectable platelet-rich fibrin (i-PRF) in regenerative endodontics by comparing the effect of i-PRF and platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) on the biological ...

Ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD) (collectively termed inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)) are complex disorders reflected by wide variation in clinical practice. These guidelines, ...