Some have noted Nod2 expression in paneth cells, which are located at the base of intestinal crypts and produce small antibacterial molecules called a-defensins. 8 This indicates that in the absence ...

Immune cells rely on NOD2 receptors to detect these muropeptides and keep bacterial populations in check. NOD2 abnormalities have been linked to inflammatory bowel disorders such as Crohn’s Disease.

In human leprosy, a dendritic cell differentiation pathway that depends on interleukin-32 and is induced by NOD2 represents a novel mechanism of host defense against infection. It is unclear ...

NOD2 is a cytosolic pattern recognition receptor similar in structure and function to Toll like receptors (TLRs). It can recognize and respond to a component found in the cell wall of bacteria ...

The mechanism by which mutations in NOD2 predispose to Crohn's disease (CD) is incompletely understood. In mice, NOD2 has been found to function as a negative regulator of Toll-like receptor 2 ...

The NOD2 receptors of herpes-infected cells showed no such activation. Next, the investigators compared human cells with intact NOD2 receptors and those with defective or missing NOD2 receptors.

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Mice that were genetically engineered to be deficient in Nod2 gained more weight than controls, a difference that became significant at 6 months and continued thereafter. In addition, temperature ...

“Once the NOD2 pathway trigger is initiated, the cells need a second, amplifying step to complete a full-strength immune response,” explained one of the study’s lead researchers, Che Stafford.

Several recent Imhotex Ltd. patents describe novel analogues of muramyl dipeptide (MDP), desmuramylpeptides (DMPs), acting as nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing protein 2 (NOD2) ...