But one aspect – the texture of the metals used – has been historically overlooked.

The ideal texture for a battery anode is one where atoms can quickly move along the surface plane. This fast movement helps the battery charge and discharge faster.

Innovations in metal surface engineering are enhancing battery life, efficiency, and safety. Learn how these techniques ...

Using lasers to etch and alter the surface of the metal, Raymond and his colleagues were able to create micro- or nanoscale textures that make it difficult for microbial cells to attach to the ...