The trade-off of this hardy external layer is that it doesn't expand; it remains relatively inflexible and constricts the ...

At the same time, testing on animal cells can be particularly ... Their proposed solution: artificial “skin” made of 3D-printed hydrogel layers held together by living human cells.

New 3D-printed skin could end cosmetic testing on animals, scientists say - Material may also offer method to test tissue ...

Directive 2010/63/EU laid down restrictions on animal testing for the testing of cosmetics ... in India is working on the development of skin imitations that mimic the native three-layer tissue ...