A programming language that requires programming discipline, such as C/C++, Java, COBOL, FORTRAN, Perl and JavaScript. Also called an "imperative language ...

A non-procedural programming language that requires less coding than lower-level languages. Command-line languages that come with operating systems and database management systems (DBMSs) are ...

Academic researchers have published a study investigating the effect of programming languages on software quality, concluding the issue is hard to quantify but also identifying significant findings, ...