and their variance-covariance estimates in C1097. Since the variance-covariance matrix is symmetric, C1097 contains only the elements in the lower triangle of the matrix. The fixed parameters and ...

This approximation involves inflating the estimated variance-covariance matrix of the fixed and random effects by the method proposed by Prasad and Rao (1990) and Harville and Jeske (1992); refer also ...

The mixed model extends the general linear model by allowing a more flexible specification of the covariance matrix of . In other words ... as starting values for the ML and REML procedures. For ...

In particular, they used a "covariance matrix" to flesh out patterns within ... they best explain the variance in the data. Transforming the data in this way will create a new coordinate system ...