This paper is the study of the QPSK (Quadrature Phase Shift keying) modulation technique using AWGN (Additive White Gaussian Noise) and Multipath Rayleigh fading channel. In QPSK scheme the authors ...

Free Space Optics is the technology which implies the line-of-sight link for the transfer of data between two distant points. The beam of light is used to provide optical connection that can transmit ...

Since the early days of electronics, as advances in technology were taking place, the boundaries of both local and global communication began eroding, resulting in a world that is smaller and hence ...

The move is underway to coherent optical fiber for long-haul dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM). Here's what you need to know to test and optimize these optical networks. Fig 1. In this ...

New optical chips deliver 28 Gb/s of data using DP-QPSK to meet the accelerating demand for more and faster Internet data. Fig 1. A DP-QPSK transmitter and a coherent receiver with ADC and DSP are key ...