The lower mantle comprises 55 percent of the planet by volume and extends from 670 and 2900 kilometers in depth, as defined by the so-called transition zone (top) and the core-mantle boundary (below).

They reveal that the chemical composition of the deep mantle has remained almost intact since the Earth's formation 4.5 ...

The deepest earthquake ever, which occurred off Japan in 2015, reached into Earth's lower mantle. (Image credit: Shutterstock) This makes the quake something of a head-scratcher.

The lower mantle is oxidized in the presence of water." Generally, when all the oxygen atoms in a compound are bonded with metal atoms, they are called oxides. However, ...

Identification of lower-mantle slab penetration events by comparing Cenozoic plate motions at the Earth's main subduction zones with motions predicted by fully dynamic models of the upper-mantle ...

Colossal volcanic eruptions like the kind that may have obliterated the dinosaurs more than 65 million years ago are caused ...

A ‘ghost plume’ identified deep in the mantle beneath Oman suggests there may be more heat flowing out of Earth’s core than previously thought ...

Scientists have long suspected that the mantle's so-called transition zone, which sits between the upper and lower mantle layers 255 to 410 miles (410 to 660 kilometers) below Earth's surface ...

Thirsty crystals The deep Earth holds about the same amount of water as our oceans. That’s the conclusion from experiments on rocks typical of those in the mantle transition zone, a global ...

Ringwoodite is typically found in the transition zone between the upper and lower mantle, between around 255 and 410 miles (410 to 660 km) below Earth's surface and can contain much more water ...

Giant, large-scale eruptions can have more serious impacts. One such event contributed to the demise of the dinosaurs 66 ...