At physiological temperatures, cell membranes are fluid; at cooler temperatures, they become gel-like. Scientists who model membrane structure ... which are like molecular zip codes that specify ...

Fluid enclosed by the cell membrane, containing organelles and ribosomes Location of many chemical reactions All cell types Mitochondria?-shaped structures found in ? Location where aerobic ...

The first clues to lipid bilayer structure came from results ... Lipids on the frontier: a century of cell-membrane lipids Nature Reviews: Molecular Cell Biology 4: 414–418 (2003).

The development and spread of antibiotic resistance represents one of the greatest threats to global health. To overcome ...

Cytoplasm - the liquid that makes up most of the cell in which chemical reactions ... Plant cells have a rigid cell structure. They are made up of a cell wall, cell membrane, cytoplasm, vacuole ...

Aquaporins are proteins that rapidly transport water across cell membranes ... cyclic structures called macrocycles. The pores inside the two types of channels were filled with a chemical mixture ...