Antarctica is the world’s great cooling unit. This vital part of Earth’s climate system is largely powered by the annual freeze and melt of millions of square kilometres of sea ice around the ...

New genomic research in 2026 has revealed that gentoo penguins are actually four distinct species, each responding differently to rapid Antarctic climate change. While the Antarctic southern gentoo is ...

Swarms of krill in the Southern Ocean form the second tier of the Antarctic food pyramid, following plant plankton. If stocks were to shrink due to over-intensive fishing, this would incur direct ...